OTTAWA, Sept 30 (Reuters) - Canada on Thursday held its first National Day for Truth and Reconciliation to honor the lost children and survivors of indigenous schools, following the gruesome discovery of more than 1,000 unmarked graves at two former schools earlier this year.
The so-called residential school system, which operated between 1831 and 1996, removed about 150,000 indigenous children from their families. Some were subjected to abuse, rape, and malnutrition at schools in what the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in 2015 called "cultural genocide."
Run by the government and Christian churches - mostly Catholic - the schools' stated aim was to assimilate indigenous children. Liberal Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's government created the new federal holiday in June.
"I urge you to pause and reflect on Canada's full history," said Governor General Mary May Simon, the first aboriginal person to serve as the representative in Canada of its head of state, Queen Elizabeth.
"Do it to honor those indigenous children who experienced or witnessed cruel injustices. Many emerged traumatized, many still suffer pain," she added in a statement.
The queen sent a message, saying she joined with Canadians "to reflect on the painful history that Indigenous peoples endured in residential schools in Canada, and on the work that remains to heal and to continue to build an inclusive society."
The discovery of the unmarked graves reopened the deep wounds left by the European colonization of Canada and the subsequent efforts to assimilate indigenous cultures. Today indigenous peoples suffer from higher levels of poverty and violence, and shorter life expectancies.
"On this first National Day for Truth and Reconciliation, we reflect on the lasting impacts of residential schools," Trudeau said on Thursday, a day after marking the holiday at an event held on the lawn in front of parliament. "We remember the children who never made it home."
A ceremony was held in front of parliament on Thursday, and there were similar events around the country. Later, there will be a one-hour national broadcast on the Canadian Broadcasting Corp (CBC) and other channels with the stories and perspectives of those affected by the residential school system.
"Take this new National Day for Truth and Reconciliation to set aside the impact of the untruthful version of history that has long been presented and to learn from Indigenous voices," said former Senator Murray Sinclair, who chaired the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.
Indigenous leaders have said the day should be recognized also by provinces so that it is not limited to federal employees. For example, Ontario, the most populous province, is not recognizing the holiday and so schools, the stock market, and most businesses remain open.
"If the (Ontario) government fails to properly acknowledge the theft of thousands of our children, that is part of the problem. They are the problem," Sol Mamakwa, a New Democrat indigenous lawmaker in the Ontario legislature, told the CBC.
Multiple cities scrapped Canada Day celebrations on July 1 after the discovery of hundreds of children's remains, and the government has ordered all federal buildings to fly the flag at half-mast since May 30.
